He aha ka hao?
ʻO ka hao hao he pūʻulu o nā mea hao i loaʻa ma waena o 2% a me 4% kalapona.Ma muli o ke ʻano o ka hao hao, hiki ke piʻi a hiki i ka 5%.Hoʻokumu ʻia ia e ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka hao a i ʻole ka hao puaʻa a hui pū me nā metala ʻōpala like ʻole a me nā mea hao ʻē aʻe.A laila, ninini ʻia ka mea i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o kahi polū, a i ʻole hoʻolei ʻia.Hoʻopaʻa ʻia i loko o ke ʻano o ka poʻo me ka ʻole o kona ikaika.Hāʻawi ka hao i ke kalapona kiʻekiʻe o ka hao i ke kūpaʻa a me ka ikaika.
He aha ka hao malleable?
Hana ʻia ka hao hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ma o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i ka wela o ka hao.Hoʻemi kēia kaʻina hana i ke kalapona a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hana a me ka ductility.I ka hoʻomaka ʻana, hoʻolei ʻia ka hao keʻokeʻo - kekahi ʻano hao me ke kalapona kiʻekiʻe.A laila hoʻomehana ʻia ma lalo pono o kona wahi heheʻe no kekahi manawa lōʻihi, e hoʻololi ai ke kalapona i graphite.ʻO kēia ka hopena i ka hoʻokumu ʻana o nā nodules a i ʻole spheres, e hana ana i ka hao hoʻoheheʻe malleable.ʻO ke kaʻina hana annealing e hōʻemi ana i ka brittleness, e hoʻonui i ke kū'ē i nā haki a hiki i ka ʻae ʻana a me ka hoʻohua ʻana me ka haki ʻole.
waiwai hoolei hao
He aha nā waiwai o ka hao?Pili ia i ke ʻano o ka hao hao, a mākou i helu ai ma lalo nei.ʻOi aku ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kalapona, ʻoi aku ka palupalu o ka hao i hoʻolei ʻia, e hoʻonāwaliwali ai i ka haki ʻana a me ka haki ʻana ma lalo o ke kaumaha.Me ke kiʻekiʻe thermal nuipaʻa, hoolei hao no hoi i maikai loa ka paʻa wela.
ʻAno hao hao | Nā waiwai o ka hao hao |
hao hina hina | ʻO ka ikaika tensile haʻahaʻa a ʻaʻole like me ka ductile e like me nā hao hoʻolei ʻē aʻe;pale i ka corrosion;palupalu loa - paʻakikī i ka hana ʻana i kahi ʻili pahee;ka mea hoʻokele wela maikaʻi a me ke kiʻekiʻe o ka haʻalulu haʻalulu. |
hao keokeo | ʻAʻole hiki ke weldable;ka ikaika compressive kiʻekiʻe a me ke kūpaʻa ʻaʻahu maikaʻi;nā waiwai maikaʻi no nā noi haʻahaʻa. |
Ka hao hao | Nodular graphite i kona microstructure ma o ka hoʻohui ʻana o ka magnesium, hāʻawi i ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe, ka paʻakikī a me ka ductility ma mua o ka hao hina. |
hao graphite paʻa | ʻO ke ʻano o ka graphite, nā waiwai pili i hui pū ʻia me ka hao hina a me ke keʻokeʻo, ʻoi aku ka ikaika tensile a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ductility ma mua o ka hao hina. |
He aha ka mea i hoʻohana ʻia no ka hao?
ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka hao e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka hao.E ʻike ʻoe i kekahi mau ʻāpana ma lalo.Ua hoʻokomo pū mākou i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka hao malleable.
Hoʻohana ʻia ka hao hao | Hoʻohana no ka hao hao |
hao hina hina | ʻO nā paipu, nā kino kiwi, nā ʻāpana valve, nā hale hana mīkini, nā pahu pahu |
hao keokeo | ʻO nā noi kahi e hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ana ma waena o ʻelua mau ʻāpana, ʻo ia hoʻi, e hoʻohana i nā papa a me nā laina no nā lako hana eli, nā huila sima, nā wili pōleʻa a me kekahi mau kiʻi kiʻi a me nā nozzles extrusion. |
Ka hao hao | ʻO nā paipu wai a me nā paipu, nā ʻāpana kaʻa a me nā mea hoʻokō, nā crankshafts kaʻa a me ka diesel, nā piston a me nā poʻo cylinder;nā lako uila, nā pahu hoʻololi, nā ʻāpana kaʻa a me nā ʻāpana hoʻokaʻawale;nā mea hana eli: nā pahu hoist, nā pulleys hoʻokele, nā huila lele a me nā bākeke elevator;& wili kila: nā puka umu ahi a me nā ʻōwili papaʻaina |
hao graphite paʻa | ʻO nā poloka ʻenekini Diesel, nā hale turbo, nā pahu hoʻopau |
hao maalea | ʻO nā ʻāpana kaʻa kaʻa kaʻa a me nā axle, nā lako mahiʻai a me nā alahao;ʻo ia hoʻi, nā hui hoʻonui a me nā hoʻoheheʻe ʻana ma luna o nā alahaka, nā kaulahao-hoist hui, nā mea hoʻoheheʻe ʻenehana, nā paipu paipu, a me nā lāʻau hoʻohui. |
Ka hao me ka hao malleable
ʻO nā waiwai o ka hao hoʻoheheʻe malleable me ka machinability kūikawā, ka paʻakikī a me ka ductility.Paʻa haʻalulu, loaʻa iā ia ka mana maikaʻi loa e kū i nā pae kiʻekiʻe o ke kaumaha.
ʻOi aku ka maʻalahi o ka hana ʻana i ka hao maʻalahi ma mua o ka hao.No ka laʻana, hiki ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā pā hao malleable a i ʻole nā paipu malleable i nā hoʻolālā paʻakikī.Loaʻa iā ia kahi helu heheʻe ʻoi aku ma mua o nā hao i hoʻolei ʻia ma 1260 ° C - eia hou, pili kēia i nā mea hoʻohui i loko o ka hao, e like me ka nui o ke kalapona i loko.Akā, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ʻana o ka hao, no laila e ninini maʻalahi i loko o nā mole me ka wikiwiki ʻole.
Hoʻohālikelike ʻē aʻe: ka hao malleable vs.ʻAʻole hiki ke uhaʻi ʻia ka hao maʻalahi no ka wehe ʻana, e like me nā mea hao hao.
Nā pōmaikaʻi o ka hao malleable
I ka manawa hea e kūpono ai ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka hao malleable?Ke pono ʻoe i kēia mau pōmaikaʻi:
Ductility - kūpono no nā noi e pono ai ka mīkini nui i ka wā e hoʻopau ai.Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka hao ductile, ʻaʻole ia i ka pae like o ka ikaika tensile, elasticity a me ka pale ʻana i ka hopena, akā hiki ke maʻalahi i ka mīkini me ka haki ʻole.
Hiki ke hoʻopalapala ʻia a hāmare ʻia, e hoʻohālikelike ʻia me kekahi mau hao hao e haki a haki paha.
- Kokoke ikaika e like me ka hao hina hina.
- Kūleʻa hopena maikaʻi ma nā mahana haʻahaʻa loa.
Nā pōʻino o ka hao malleable
ʻO nā waiwai kino o ka hao hoʻoheheʻe ʻia he mau hemahema, e nānā mau i ka ʻaoʻao o lalo o kahi mea:
Hoʻoemi i ka wā i hoʻomāʻalili, no ka mea, nalowale ka leo.ʻO nā hao hao a pau – a i ʻole nā mea ʻē aʻe – hana i kēia i kekahi ʻano, akā ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi me ka hao malleable.
Ke kū'ē i ka corrosion haʻahaʻa.
ʻAʻole ikaika e like me ka hao ductile a i ʻole ke kila.No nā noi e makemake ana i ka ikaika tensile kiʻekiʻe a i ʻole ka ikaika compressive, e koho i kahi hao hao ʻē aʻe.
Hiki nō hoʻi ke lilo i palupalu i nā wela kiʻekiʻe, e hoʻonāwaliwali i ka pohā.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Mei-13-2024