Nā ʻokoʻa ma waena o ka hao malleable a me ka hao hoʻolei

He aha ka hao?

ʻO ka hao hao he pūʻulu o nā mea hao i loaʻa ma waena o 2% a me 4% kalapona.Ma muli o ke ʻano o ka hao hao, hiki ke piʻi a hiki i ka 5%.Hoʻokumu ʻia ia e ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka hao a i ʻole ka hao puaʻa a hui pū me nā metala ʻōpala like ʻole a me nā mea hao ʻē aʻe.A laila, ninini ʻia ka mea i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i loko o kahi polū, a i ʻole hoʻolei ʻia.Hoʻopaʻa ʻia i loko o ke ʻano o ka poʻo me ka ʻole o kona ikaika.Hāʻawi ka hao i ke kalapona kiʻekiʻe o ka hao i ke kūpaʻa a me ka ikaika.

He aha ka hao malleable?

Hana ʻia ka hao hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ma o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i ka wela o ka hao.Hoʻemi kēia kaʻina hana i ke kalapona a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hana a me ka ductility.I ka hoʻomaka ʻana, hoʻolei ʻia ka hao keʻokeʻo - kekahi ʻano hao me ke kalapona kiʻekiʻe.A laila hoʻomehana ʻia ma lalo pono o kona wahi heheʻe no kekahi manawa lōʻihi, e hoʻololi ai ke kalapona i graphite.ʻO kēia ka hopena i ka hoʻokumu ʻana o nā nodules a i ʻole spheres, e hana ana i ka hao hoʻoheheʻe malleable.ʻO ke kaʻina hana annealing e hōʻemi ana i ka brittleness, e hoʻonui i ke kū'ē i nā haki a hiki i ka ʻae ʻana a me ka hoʻohua ʻana me ka haki ʻole.

waiwai hoolei hao

He aha nā waiwai o ka hao?Pili ia i ke ʻano o ka hao hao, a mākou i helu ai ma lalo nei.ʻOi aku ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kalapona, ʻoi aku ka palupalu o ka hao i hoʻolei ʻia, e hoʻonāwaliwali ai i ka haki ʻana a me ka haki ʻana ma lalo o ke kaumaha.Me ke kiʻekiʻe thermal nuipaʻa, hoolei hao no hoi i maikai loa ka paʻa wela.

ʻAno hao hao

Nā waiwai o ka hao hao

hao hina hina ʻO ka ikaika tensile haʻahaʻa a ʻaʻole like me ka ductile e like me nā hao hoʻolei ʻē aʻe;pale i ka corrosion;palupalu loa - paʻakikī i ka hana ʻana i kahi ʻili pahee;ka mea hoʻokele wela maikaʻi a me ke kiʻekiʻe o ka haʻalulu haʻalulu.
hao keokeo ʻAʻole hiki ke weldable;ka ikaika compressive kiʻekiʻe a me ke kūpaʻa ʻaʻahu maikaʻi;nā waiwai maikaʻi no nā noi haʻahaʻa.
Ka hao hao Nodular graphite i kona microstructure ma o ka hoʻohui ʻana o ka magnesium, hāʻawi i ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe, ka paʻakikī a me ka ductility ma mua o ka hao hina.
hao graphite paʻa ʻO ke ʻano o ka graphite, nā waiwai pili i hui pū ʻia me ka hao hina a me ke keʻokeʻo, ʻoi aku ka ikaika tensile a ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ductility ma mua o ka hao hina.

He aha ka mea i hoʻohana ʻia no ka hao?

ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka hao e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka hao.E ʻike ʻoe i kekahi mau ʻāpana ma lalo.Ua hoʻokomo pū mākou i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka hao malleable.

Hoʻohana ʻia ka hao hao

Hoʻohana no ka hao hao

hao hina hina ʻO nā paipu, nā kino kiwi, nā ʻāpana valve, nā hale hana mīkini, nā pahu pahu
hao keokeo ʻO nā noi kahi e hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ana ma waena o ʻelua mau ʻāpana, ʻo ia hoʻi, e hoʻohana i nā papa a me nā laina no nā lako hana eli, nā huila sima, nā wili pōleʻa a me kekahi mau kiʻi kiʻi a me nā nozzles extrusion.
Ka hao hao ʻO nā paipu wai a me nā paipu, nā ʻāpana kaʻa a me nā mea hoʻokō, nā crankshafts kaʻa a me ka diesel, nā piston a me nā poʻo cylinder;nā lako uila, nā pahu hoʻololi, nā ʻāpana kaʻa a me nā ʻāpana hoʻokaʻawale;nā mea hana eli: nā pahu hoist, nā pulleys hoʻokele, nā huila lele a me nā bākeke elevator;& wili kila: nā puka umu ahi a me nā ʻōwili papaʻaina
hao graphite paʻa ʻO nā poloka ʻenekini Diesel, nā hale turbo, nā pahu hoʻopau
hao maalea ʻO nā ʻāpana kaʻa kaʻa kaʻa a me nā axle, nā lako mahiʻai a me nā alahao;ʻo ia hoʻi, nā hui hoʻonui a me nā hoʻoheheʻe ʻana ma luna o nā alahaka, nā kaulahao-hoist hui, nā mea hoʻoheheʻe ʻenehana, nā paipu paipu, a me nā lāʻau hoʻohui.

Ka hao me ka hao malleable

ʻO nā waiwai o ka hao hoʻoheheʻe malleable me ka machinability kūikawā, ka paʻakikī a me ka ductility.Paʻa haʻalulu, loaʻa iā ia ka mana maikaʻi loa e kū i nā pae kiʻekiʻe o ke kaumaha.

ʻOi aku ka maʻalahi o ka hana ʻana i ka hao maʻalahi ma mua o ka hao.No ka laʻana, hiki ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā pā hao malleable a i ʻole nā ​​​​paipu malleable i nā hoʻolālā paʻakikī.Loaʻa iā ia kahi helu heheʻe ʻoi aku ma mua o nā hao i hoʻolei ʻia ma 1260 ° C - eia hou, pili kēia i nā mea hoʻohui i loko o ka hao, e like me ka nui o ke kalapona i loko.Akā, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ʻana o ka hao, no laila e ninini maʻalahi i loko o nā mole me ka wikiwiki ʻole.

Hoʻohālikelike ʻē aʻe: ka hao malleable vs.ʻAʻole hiki ke uhaʻi ʻia ka hao maʻalahi no ka wehe ʻana, e like me nā mea hao hao.

Nā pōmaikaʻi o ka hao malleable

I ka manawa hea e kūpono ai ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka hao malleable?Ke pono ʻoe i kēia mau pōmaikaʻi:

Ductility - kūpono no nā noi e pono ai ka mīkini nui i ka wā e hoʻopau ai.Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka hao ductile, ʻaʻole ia i ka pae like o ka ikaika tensile, elasticity a me ka pale ʻana i ka hopena, akā hiki ke maʻalahi i ka mīkini me ka haki ʻole.

Hiki ke hoʻopalapala ʻia a hāmare ʻia, e hoʻohālikelike ʻia me kekahi mau hao hao e haki a haki paha.

  • Kokoke ikaika e like me ka hao hina hina.
  • Kūleʻa hopena maikaʻi ma nā mahana haʻahaʻa loa.

Nā pōʻino o ka hao malleable

ʻO nā waiwai kino o ka hao hoʻoheheʻe ʻia he mau hemahema, e nānā mau i ka ʻaoʻao o lalo o kahi mea:

Hoʻoemi i ka wā i hoʻomāʻalili, no ka mea, nalowale ka leo.ʻO nā hao hao a pau – a i ʻole nā ​​mea ʻē aʻe – hana i kēia i kekahi ʻano, akā ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi me ka hao malleable.

Ke kū'ē i ka corrosion haʻahaʻa.

ʻAʻole ikaika e like me ka hao ductile a i ʻole ke kila.No nā noi e makemake ana i ka ikaika tensile kiʻekiʻe a i ʻole ka ikaika compressive, e koho i kahi hao hao ʻē aʻe.

Hiki nō hoʻi ke lilo i palupalu i nā wela kiʻekiʻe, e hoʻonāwaliwali i ka pohā.


Ka manawa hoʻouna: Mei-13-2024